The choice of motor includes the choice of type and structure, as well as the determination of parameters such as motor capacity and rated speed. As an engineer, we should take full consideration of all factors and make the correct choice. In order to the motor and machine tool for a perfect fit, and achieve the highest work efficiency.
For different machine tools, we often use different speed regulation scheme according to the requirements of speed. These include gearboxes, hydraulic governors, two- or multi-speed motors and electrical stepless speed regulation. Generally, we follow these principles when making choices:
For the heavy machine tools, we often use variable regulation in order to simplify the mechanical structure, and reduce the cost of equipment manufacturing. And we also use variable speed regulation for precision machine tools. It can guarantee the processing accuracy and facilitate automatic control of equipment. For general small and medium-sized machine tools, a more economical gearbox can be used for speed regulation without special requirements. If you want to simplify the structure and expand the speed range, you can also use two-speed motor speed regulation.
When selecting the motor speed control scheme, it is necessary to ensure that the speed regulation characteristics of the motor are compatible with the load characteristics such as speed, power, torque and other parameters. Otherwise, the dragging operation may not work properly, and the performance of the motor cannot be fully and reasonably used.
We often use asynchronous motors because of simple structure, ruggedness, low cost, and convenient maintenance. The synchronization generally has 3000 rpm, 1500 rpm, 1000 rpm, 750 rpm and 600 rpm. The lower the speed, the larger the volume and the higher the price. But the power and efficiency of this machine is not as good as the low price equipment. In general, a motor with a synchronous speed of 1500 rpm is more adaptable, with higher power and efficiency, and a higher probability of use. If the motor speed is not consistent with the machine tool, you should select a motor with a speed slightly higher than the machine, and then use the mechanical shifting method to achieve the same.
Normally, metal cutting equipment adopts a common series of ordinary motors, and its structure can be divided into two types of horizontal and vertical axes depending on the installation position. The motor is mounted as close as possible to the corresponding working part of the machine, which makes the structure of the drag system more compact.
When selecting a motor, should consider the rotating conditions of the machine, the materials and the environment. For those that are prone to conductive materials, such as metal scraps, industrial water, etc., and these conductive media may invade the motor, a motor with good airtightness should be selected. For machine tools that use kerosene to cool cutting tools or machine tools that process flammable and explosive materials, explosion-proof motors can greatly increase the safety factor.
